Chapter Five |
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Cycling the Way |
Management Issues
The Great Kai'mia Way project team acknowledges that cycling is a legitimate recreational pursuit in some natural areas, where permitted. It has many advantages to participants and to the community including health and leisure benefits for the individual and a reduction or non-production of greenhouse and other pollutants. Most roads in the Georges River catchment are not suitable for safe cycling and there is a need for safe commuting and recreational routes for cyclists, in the rapidly expanding catchment population.
Parts of the Way is intended for shared use by walkers and cyclists (where permitted). Mountain biking (MTB) is a relatively 'new' use of trails compared with traditional established use such as bushwalking, with potential conflict between the two user groups. The speed of bikes when approaching walkers is a frequently noted concern. Collisions are all too common and have caused widespread opposition to the use of traditional walking tracks by cyclists.
Another concern is that some cyclists use walking tracks illegally. An increasingly significant proportion of MTBs (estimated 25%) , are deliberately seeking experiences away from their permitted realm (i.e. management trails), using more challenging arenas such as walking tracks and undisturbed bushland. Mountain bikes/cycles have a greater potential to erode unsealed trails than the footsteps of walkers because of the continuous contact of the wheels with the surface which cause a groove that will channel water. The tracks they use, therefore, need to be constructed and managed differently.
Inevitably the negligent behaviour of some MTBs has negative impacts:
- Compromises the safety of bush walkers;
- Increases track/soil erosion, leading to siltation of watercourses;
- Fragments and destroys ecological communities, spreads weed seeds; and
- Is an ongoing drain on limited maintenance resources.
The NPWS (National Parks and Wildlife Service) are attempting to manage the impacts of cycling activity in Royal National Park through the Trial Cycling Management Plan developed in consultation with representatives from biking, bushwalking and resident groups, yet damage is still being caused by a minority who ignore the agreed regulations and protocols of the trial.
There is clearly a need for a wider regional strategy to support the efforts of NPWS and others to appropriately manage the access of bikes to sensitive areas. The Way offers a potential framework for coordinating a whole of government approach to inappropriate cycle use throughout the Georges River Catchment.
Recommendation:
- That a regional strategy be developed to provide opportunities for cycling experiences that also: identifies the type of cycling experience appropriate to particular tracks; incorporates protocols for the use of shared trails; and incorporates legislative controls against unauthorised use of trails and inappropriate conduct on shared trails.
A range of legislative and management tools could be considered including penalties and enforcement (for example, powers for managers to confiscate the front wheels of bikes caught off limits in National Parks and Reserves), but also pro-active initiatives such as providing MTB "Parks".
Planning for Adventure Cyclists
The following is a suggested plan for providing affordable and accessible alternative facilities for cyclists: |
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The 12 Georges River catchment councils, DIPNR, Local Aboriginal Land Councils and other land managers identify suitable public and private land assets, away from protected and significant natural areas (such as might be provided by private landowners who are seeking a profitable use for land which they are unable to develop).
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The chosen sites are assessed for natural, cultural and historical significance with the help of Council Science Units, NPWS, NPA, and others.
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User groups are invited to participate in the design of routes of varying degrees of difficulty and danger, in consultation with Police, landowners and managers. Liability issues must be addressed.
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Track modifications such as boardwalks and ramps to be installed to minimise surface damage. Measures to protect significant trees, landforms and vegetation communities; and silt traps installed to protect watercourses.
- Boundaries of the park must be clearly marked on ground and on map display boards at the entrance to the trail. Well-designed entrance points need to include parking, clear signage and educational material, and code of conduct for park users. Official bike clubs to contribute to policing of the park and liaising with land managers.
New Zealand and Canada already have such purpose-built parks. For example cycle parks in Whistler , British Columbia have been designed to strict environmental standards respecting ecological integrity. |
Great Kai'mia Way Cycling Access Policy
Organisations such as Australian Association of Bush Regenerators (AABR) , National Parks Association (NPA) and Nature Conservation Council (NCCNSW) have developed policies and principles concerned with cycle access and environmental protection. The International Mountain Biking Association (IMBA) has suggested a hierarchy of options for managing track user conflict. The project team has drawn on this work to produce a Great Kai'mia Way Cycling Access Policy.
The policy has three strands:
- Track planning and construction
- Track management
- Track users code of conduct.
1. Planning and Construction
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Restrict new bicycle paths to non-bushland areas.
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No construction of bicycle paths through or adjacent to any Endangered Ecological Community.
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No construction of bicycle paths in linear reserves in or adjacent to remnant bushland areas where construction of a path and associated landscaping will compromise ecological values.
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Where bicycle paths are adjacent to bushland, all potential impacts must be taken into account, including landscaping, noise, scent, litter and light, and the paths must be made impact neutral.
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The creation of on-road bicycle friendly or alongside road shared routes near to bushland with points of access to the bushland to encourage cyclists to travel to those areas.
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The provision of bicycle storage facilities (racks) at access points to bushland walking tracks.
2. Management
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Land managers such as Councils, to manage cycling activities so that there is minimal impact on the environment, natural and cultural heritage values.
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Managers to adopt a hierarchy of options for managing user conflicts beginning with the most preferred option - informative signage, to least preferred - close the area to cyclists altogether.
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Option 1 - develop signage and literature promoting appropriate track use protocols - e.g. Kai'mia Code (see below). Display Panels and brochures to present good maps to show tracks that are shared, where cycling is permitted and which are walking only tracks. (Refer to "Family of Signs")
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Option 2 - develop education programs targeted at those using bushland areas for informal cycling. Work with schools, colleges, youth groups, cycling clubs, walking clubs and Councils to educate cyclists and potential cyclists about low impact use and consideration for other users. Ensure that cyclists who care, but don't know the proper etiquette, have enough information to monitor themselves.
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If the more preferred options are failing, then patrolling the track, restrictions, separate routes for walkers and cyclists should be considered, with closing all tracks to cyclists as a last resort when all other efforts have proven ineffective.
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Managers to investigate provision of MTB parks - see above
3. The Kai'mia Code for Cyclists
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Ride on roads and management vehicle tracks only . Even roads are susceptible to damage when wet; they cannot be used when they are seasonally closed. Walking tracks are managed for walkers and are not available for use by bicycles.
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Respect the rights of others . Other track users have the same rights as you do, so let them go about their activities without interference. Keep speeds down to avoid frightening other users.
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Wear your helmet whenever you are cycling. It is required by law even on management trails.
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If you meet walkers , announce your presence, slow down, signal with sound (ring a bell or call a greeting) and give them right of way as you pass.
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Avoid skidding . Skidding damages tracks by removing the harder surface layer. This can lead to erosion. Cutting corners also causes erosion. Don't cut corners, stay on the track.
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Stay away from wet, muddy areas . Muddy areas are very prone to damage. The tracks you leave behind channel the water when it rains and this leads to erosion.
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Check before you leave . It is a good idea to check with local land managers to find out about track closures and fire regulations, limits on camping or other general information.
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Respect all flora and fauna and do not remove any Aboriginal artifact. Take your litter home with you.
4. Planning your trip
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Let someone know before you go mountain bike riding. Tell them about your party, your route, when you plan to return and the equipment the party is carrying. Remember to contact them when you get back.
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Keep your party small (four to eight people). Large parties have more environmental impact, affect the experience of others and are harder to manage.
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In remote country where there are no toilet facilities, minimise your impact by taking a hand trowel for burying toilet wastes. Bury at least 100 metres away from watercourse.
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Carry enough drinking water for your trip.
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